India, a land of diverse cultures and traditions, observes multiple national holidays every year. These holidays are significant as they commemorate historical events, religious festivals, and important national figures. In 2025, the Indian government has declared several public holidays, including a new national holiday for Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s birth anniversary on April 14.
This article provides a complete guide to national holidays in India for 2025, covering their importance, historical background, and how they impact businesses, schools, and government institutions.
What Are National Holidays in India?
National holidays in India are official public holidays recognized by the central government. These holidays are observed across the country, and most government offices, schools, banks, and businesses remain closed.
The three mandatory national holidays in India are:
- Republic Day (January 26) – Celebrates the adoption of the Indian Constitution in 1950.
- Independence Day (August 15) – Marks India’s independence from British rule in 1947.
- Gandhi Jayanti (October 2) – Honors the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the nation.
Apart from these, several other gazetted holidays are declared by the central and state governments.
List of National Holidays in India 2025
| Date | Day | Holiday | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|
| January 26 | Sunday | Republic Day | Celebrates the adoption of the Indian Constitution. |
| March 29 | Saturday | Holi | Hindu festival of colors, celebrating good over evil. |
| April 14 | Monday | Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Jayanti (New National Holiday) | Honors the architect of the Indian Constitution. |
| May 1 | Thursday | Labour Day | Celebrates the contribution of workers. |
| August 15 | Friday | Independence Day | Marks India’s independence from British rule. |
| October 2 | Thursday | Gandhi Jayanti | Birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. |
| November 1 | Saturday | Diwali | Hindu festival of lights, symbolizing victory of light over darkness. |
| December 25 | Thursday | Christmas | Celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ. |
New National Holiday in 2025: Ambedkar Jayanti on April 14
The central government has declared Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s birth anniversary (April 14) as a national holiday starting in 2025. This decision was taken to honor his contributions to social justice, equality, and constitutional law in India.
Union Culture Minister Gajendra Singh Shekhawat announced,
“The architect of the Constitution, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar, will now have a public holiday on his birth anniversary.”
This move is seen as an effort to recognize Ambedkar’s influence on India’s legal and social framework.
Impact of National Holidays on Different Sectors
1. Government Offices & Banks
- Government offices remain closed on national holidays.
- Banks observe these holidays based on state-specific regulations.
2. Schools & Educational Institutions
- Schools and universities observe national holidays by organizing cultural programs and flag hoisting ceremonies.
3. Businesses & Private Sector
- Private companies may or may not provide holidays based on their policies.
- IT and essential services companies may have limited operations.
How Are National Holidays Celebrated in India?
1. Republic Day (January 26)
- Grand parade in New Delhi at Rajpath.
- The President of India hoists the national flag.
- Cultural performances and awards distribution.
2. Independence Day (August 15)
- The Prime Minister hoists the national flag at the Red Fort.
- Patriotic speeches and celebrations across schools and offices.
3. Gandhi Jayanti (October 2)
- Tributes to Mahatma Gandhi at Raj Ghat, Delhi.
- Nationwide cleanliness drives under Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.
4. Ambedkar Jayanti (April 14) – New in 2025
- Government and educational institutions conduct awareness programs on Ambedkar’s contributions.
- Special events, seminars, and community celebrations.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. How many national holidays are there in India?
India has three official national holidays: Republic Day (January 26), Independence Day (August 15), and Gandhi Jayanti (October 2). Additionally, the government observes several public holidays based on regional and religious significance.
2. Is Ambedkar Jayanti a national holiday in India?
Yes, starting from 2025, April 14 (Ambedkar Jayanti) has been declared a national holiday by the Indian government.
3. Are banks closed on national holidays in India?
Yes, most banks remain closed on national holidays, but some essential services like ATMs and online banking remain operational.
4. Do private companies observe all national holidays?
Not necessarily. Private companies may follow different holiday policies based on their industry and work culture.
